This slide set constitutes a learning and reference resource on Uralic historical phonology, etymology and lexicology. It gives an overview of regular sound changes and historical phonology of all major Uralic branches, illustrating how a reconstructed proto-language developed into the diverse Uralic languages that are spoken today or were documented before their recent extinction. It allows for the study of their historical phonology and to further investigate the background and usage of word roots and their reflexes in contemporary Uralic languages. It was compiled by Janne Saarikivi and Niklas Metsäranta (University of Helsinki) and first published in 2021.

	Introduction
	Old and new words
	The comparative method
	Proto-Uralic
	Finnic
	Saamic
	Mordvin
	Mari
	Permic
	Ugric
	Ob-Ugric
	Hungarian
	Samoyedic

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